Classification and Evolution, Ecology: Organisms and Populations (Abiotic Factors, Responses to Abiotic Factors, Adaptations, Population Characteristics, Population Interactions like Mutualism Competition, Predation, Parasitism etc.); Ecosystem and its significance, Biodiversity and Conservation(Species on Earth and India, importance of Species Diversity, Loss of Biodiversity, In-situ and ex-situ conservation) ; Life processes (photosynthesis, Nutrition, Respiration, Transportation); Biology and Human Welfare (Human Health and Disease, Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production, Microbes like Algae, bacteria etc. in Human Welfare.

Environmental Concerns in Global Politics, The Protection of Global Commons, Common Property Resources, India‘s Stand on Environmental Issues, Environmental Movements, Resource Geopolitics

Air Pollution and Its Control, Water Pollution and Its Control, Solid Wastes, Agro-chemicals and their Effects, Radioactive Wastes, Greenhouse Effect and Global Warming, Ozone Depletion in the Stratosphere, Degradation by Improper Resource Utilization and Maintenance, Deforestation), Carbon footprint, International/National legal Environmental protection agencies.

Conventional Energy sources for Power, Transportation and Heat generation, Renewable Energy resources alternatives, Carbon trading, Climate change and Sustainability concept, Technological Advances and Institutions in India for Renewable Energy programs, Energy and Environment policies.